Beyond Sex Work Stigma

Matricentric Feminist Social Work Practice in Antenatal Care with Pregnant Sex Workers

Abstract

The intersection of sex work and motherhood challenges entrenched societal norms shaped by patriarchal constructions of the “good mother,” which exclude marginalised populations, such as pregnant sex workers. This qualitative study examines the perspectives of health and social service professionals in Victoria, Australia, to explore the barriers and supports influencing pregnant sex workers’ access to antenatal care. Using feminist reflexive thematic analysis, the study identifies critical barriers, including stigma, discrimination, and systemic inequities in service provision, which restrict access to quality care. Participants highlighted the centrality of peer-led sex work organisations, multidisciplinary collaborations, and trauma-informed, person-centred care in addressing these challenges. Findings underscore the limitations of the dominant medical model in supporting the nuanced needs of this population, advocating instead for a matricentric feminist social work framework that centres lived experiences and prioritises maternal identity. This approach emphasises self-determination, rights-based practices, and inclusive service delivery. Recommendations include increased professional training on sex work, the development of specialised antenatal resources, and fostering partnerships with peer-led organisations to ensure equitable and stigma-free care. This study contributes to advancing social work practice by critiquing structural injustices and promoting a framework that values reproductive justice and the maternal experiences of pregnant sex workers.